Krympress reports:
Foreign economic activity (FEA) requires companies to accurately understand all the stages of moving goods across the border. One of the key elements Here — The procedure for delivery and customs cleaning of exported goods. Violation of the timing, documents or requirements may entail delays, fines and even confiscation of products. In this material, we will consider what customs clearance is when exporting, when it is necessary, how the procedure passes, what documents are required, and who it is worth contacting for help — independently or through specialists.
When customs clearance of exported goods is needed
Export is the export of goods from the customs territory of the country outside its economic space. According to the customs legislation of most countries, including Russia, exported goods are subject to mandatory customs declaration. That is, all products that leave the country should be declared in the customs authorities.
Customs clearance is mandatory if:
- the goods crosses the border for further sale or transfer to another legal entity;
- export is accompanied by movement through transport companies;
- Products are subject to control (for example, chemicals, dual -use products, agricultural goods, precious metals).
Only a few non-profit or conditionally passing movements are released from customs clearance-for example, samples for exhibitions, temporary export, etc., under certain conditions.
What is the customs clearance procedure for export
Customs cleaning (otherwise — registration) is a set of actions to declare goods, verification of documents and, if necessary, physical inspection of products. The result is the release of the goods in the declared customs regime, in this case, “export”.
The main stages:
- Preparation of documents. It is necessary to collect a package of documents confirming the origin, cost and characteristics of the goods.
- Determination of the customs regime. For export, the “Export” mode (code 10) is used, which involves the export of goods from the territory of the country without the intention of returning.
- The submission of the declaration. The customs declaration (electronic) is submitted to the regional customs authority through the ED2 system (electronic declaration) or other digital platforms.
- Check by the inspector. The customs inspector analyzes the documents, can request additional papers or appoint an inspection.
- Product release. In the absence of violations, a decision on the release is made. After that, the goods can be taken outside the country.
What documents will be required for exporting
The package of documents depends on the type of product, direction and requirements of the importing country. The basic version will require:
- foreign economic contract (contract with a foreign partner);
- Invois (invoice)-indicating the cost of the goods;
- packaging sheet (if applicable);
- documents confirming the origin of the goods (for example, a certificate of form ST-1);
- permits (if licenses, certificates, conclusions);
- transport documents — overheads, bills of bills, etc.;
- customs declaration (filled in the process);
- Power of attorney or documents of the declarant company (if the registration is made through a representative).
How is the delivery of export goods
Choosing a delivery method
The type of delivery depends on the characteristics of the cargo, urgency and removal of the recipient. Main methods:
- Road transport — universal, especially within the framework of the CIS and Europe;
- sea transport — optimal for large volumes and container parties;
- Air transport is expensive, but fast, used for urgent or expensive supplies;
- Railway transport is profitable over long distances in Eurasia.
Transportation procedure
- Formation of the party. The cargo is equipped, packaged and marked.
- Loading and paperwork. Transport documents are drawn up, weighing and verification are carried out.
- Transportation to the customs terminal. The cargo is delivered to the design point.
- After registration — export. After release, the goods should be at the destination outside the country.
An important point — international delivery often requires design transit documents or export declaration in the country of appointmenttherefore, logistics should be agreed in advance with the recipient.
Do it yourself or contact specialists?
Independent design — when it is possible
Enterprises with extensive experience in foreign economic activity can go through the procedure themselves. This is relevant if:
- The company has a qualified specialist in customs clearance in the staff;
- Supply volumes are stable and the same;
- The type of product does not require complex permits or licenses;
- The system of simplified declarations was used (for example, the status of a participant in foreign economic activity).
However, even under such conditions, risks are possible-an incorrect indication of the code of foreign economic activity, non-compliance with the requirements of the importing country, errors in the paperwork.
When to contact specialists
Most often, customs clearance of export goods is carried out through customs representatives (brokers). These are legal entities with the accreditation of the FCS and the right to act on behalf of the exporter. Broker services include:
- preparation of the declaration;
- calculation of duties and fees;
- consulting on the requirements;
- representative office in customs;
- Interaction with the transport company.
There are also logistics operators who take on the entire cycle: from paperwork to the transportation of goods, including insurance, warehouse storage, multimodal transportation.
Cost and terms of customs cleaning
The cost of the procedure depends on:
- type and value of goods;
- the need for permits;
- the need for inspection;
- urgency;
- The work of the intermediary (if a broker is used).
On average, the design takes from 1 to 3 business days, but it can be longer with non -standard situations. The process itself in electronic form goes faster — especially for participants in foreign economic activity with a good reputation.
Who to contact for design and delivery
If you decide not to make exports yourself, consider the following categories of partners:
Customs brokers
- Have a license for design;
- Consult for the documentation and code of the FEA;
- Represent interests in customs.
Logistic companies
- Provide turnkey delivery;
- Work with multimodal schemes;
- May include brokerage services.
Forwarders
-
Organize transportation, including interaction with terminals and warehouses.
When choosing a partner, it is important to turn to Nimania on:
- experience in the design of a particular group of goods;
- the presence of the current accreditation of the FCS;
- reviews and reputation;
- Clear pricing policy.
Errors that should be avoided
- Incorrect code of the FEED. This can entail the use of an incorrect duty rate or the need for additional documents.
- Lack of permits. Some products require certificates, veterinary or phytosanitary conclusions.
- Errors in the invoice or packaging sheet. The contradictions between the documents cause a delay.
- Incorrect design of transportation. Especially with multimodal or international delivery.
It is important to understand: the procedure for delivery and customs cleaning of exported goods is a mandatory and crucial stage in the chain of foreign economic operations. The presence of experience, accuracy in the documentation and understanding of customs rules determine the success of the transaction and the speed of passing the border. Regardless of whether you decide to engage in design on your own or involve specialists, it is important to work out logistics in advance, prepare documents and monitor changes in the regulatory framework. This will avoid delays, reduce risks and strengthen business reputation at the international level.
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