Educational program: what subsidies and benefits for the purchase of housing can be received from the state in 2023

CrimeaPRESS reports:

In addition to mortgages, in Russia there is a whole range of social support measures for citizens to purchase housing. After increasing the minimum down payment on mortgage loans with state support, more and more citizens became interested in the opportunity to apply for various types of social benefits and benefits for the purchase of real estate. Especially for Russian newspaper lawyer Oleg Sukhov gave a brief overview of such social payments.

List of financial support measures for purchasing a home

State housing certificate (SHC) — this is a personal certificate. It certifies the right of a citizen to receive social benefits from the federal budget and buy residential premises. Sometimes this certificate is also called a social payment within the framework of state obligations of the Russian Federation. But this does not change the essence.

Maternal capital — federal budget funds that the state transfers to the Pension and Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation. In turn, the Foundation uses this money to support citizens with children. The right to receive funds is confirmed by a personal document — a state certificate for maternal (family) capital (clauses 1 and 2 of Article 2 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2006 No. 256-FZ). In accordance with the law, the recipient of the capital has the right to use it to purchase housing.

Other subsidies (social benefits) — These are also cash payments. They are provided to certain categories of citizens for the purchase (or partial payment) of housing as part of state social assistance (Federal Law No. 178-FZ of July 17, 1999).

Tax deductions — this is the amount that reduces the tax base (the amount of income subject to personal income tax). This reduction reduces the individual tax burden and makes it easier to purchase a home.

Who is eligible for financial support when purchasing a home?

Not all citizens can receive social financial assistance from the state for the purchase of residential real estate. The list of those who have this opportunity is enshrined in legislation.

Thus, GZS (social payments within the framework of state obligations of the Russian Federation) are received by military personnel and employees of internal affairs bodies of various categories, migrants from closed military camps, liquidators of accidents and disasters at nuclear power plants and industrial enterprises, internally displaced persons, citizens who left the regions of the Far North and similar among them are localities, polar explorers, migrants from closed administrative territorial formations (ZATO) and Baikonur.

Social subsidies for the purchase of housing are available to young families and scientists, participants in the program to assist the voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad in the Russian Federation and members of their families, disabled people and families with disabled children (registered before 01/01/2005), and individual categories of veterans, federal civil servants, judges (subject to certain conditions), military personnel, employees of the prosecutor’s office, the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, in need of residential premises.

Maternity capital is received by women upon the birth (adoption) of their second or subsequent children starting from 01/01/2007 or the first child starting from 01/01/2020, as well as by men raising their first child born starting from 01/01/2020, or who adopted the first child , the adoption decision of which came into force starting from 01/01/2020. In addition, a man has the right to receive capital when he is recognized as the only parent — the father of children born to him by a surrogate mother, and then gets married and raises his children in a family together with the spouse who adopted them (clauses 2, 5 Resolution of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated June 29, 2021 No. 30 — P).

And finally, all citizens, regardless of gender, age and profession, buying an apartment have the right (under certain conditions) to take advantage of property deductions for personal income tax in the amount of actual expenses incurred for the purchase of a residential house, apartment, room or share in them or for the repayment of interest on targeted loans (credits) spent on the purchase of housing.

Amounts of subsidies, benefits and deductions

Almost all social subsidies for the purchase of housing do not have an officially established amount. It is calculated individually for each application. The amount of the subsidy, as a rule, depends on the standard cost of 1 sq. m. meters of housing in Russia or in the region, family size, as well as area standards and, in some cases, the increasing factor. Therefore, citizens receive the same subsidy in different amounts.

In the second half of 2023, the cost of one square meter of housing according to the standard approved by the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation was 93,457 rubles. In Moscow, by the way, it is equal to 161,643 rubles. The standard for the total area of ​​living space for calculating payments is set at 33 square meters. m — for a single citizen, 42 sq. m — for a family of 2 people or 18 sq. m for each family member if there are 3 or more people. As a rule, these figures are used when calculating various benefits.

At the same time, the calculation for each type of subsidy has its own nuances. For example, when paying for state housing insurance, special coefficients are applied, and when issuing subsidies to young families, the presence or absence of children is taken into account. Benefits for forced migrants are issued based on the calculation of 6 square meters of total living space per 1 displaced person and their number, and disabled people (and even then not in all regions) registered before 01/01/2005 can apply for payment based on the total housing area 18 sq. m and the average market value of 1 sq. m of total housing area in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation per person entitled to this measure of social support. In other words, living space for the rest of the family members of a disabled person is purchased through a mortgage or personal savings.

Unlike all of the above subsidies, maternity capital has clearly established sizes. Thus, today the state provides the applicant with the birth (adoption) of the first child 586,946.72 rubles.

In the case of a second child in the family (provided that the first child was born (adopted) after 01/01/2020), the amount of maternity capital increases by 188,681.53 rubles and amounts to a total of 775,628.25 rubles. For the second child in the event of his birth (adoption) starting from 01/01/2020, provided that the first child was born (adopted) before 01/01/2020 — 775,628.25 rubles.

For the third child or subsequent children in the event of his (their) birth (adoption) starting from 01/01/2020, provided that the right to additional measures of state support did not arise previously — 775,628.25 rubles.

And finally, tax deductions when buying a home. They are provided in the amount of expenses actually incurred by the citizen, but cannot exceed the maximum amount of 2 million rubles.

Where to apply for subsidies

To obtain a state housing permit, citizens submit documents to military units, organizations, federal institutions where military service is provided, to local government bodies (to the executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation) or to the administrator walkie-talkie in Baikonur, in which the applicant is registered as needing housing.

Young families apply for payment to local authorities at their place of residence, young scientists apply to the housing commission at a scientific or educational organization of higher education, subordinate to the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, and immigrants send applications to the territorial body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at the place of registration as a participant in the program. A civil servant goes for a subsidy to the commission of the federal body for considering issues of granting subsidies at the place of service or to its territorial subcommittee, and a military serviceman goes to the housing commission of a military unit.

As for people with disabilities, everything is somewhat more complicated and depends on the region. Therefore, people also turn to social protection authorities, government institutions or local administration units (department of housing policy, department of housing and communal services, department of construction and architecture, etc.). Today, people most often apply through the MFC.

When receiving a deduction during the purchase of a home, citizens send applications to the Federal Tax Service.

Nuances of providing subsidies

Even if a citizen or family falls under the formal conditions for providing subsidies, this does not mean that they will definitely receive payments. Such issues are resolved individually.

Thus, citizens will not receive a subsidy or SHA if they have already taken advantage of this right, voluntarily refused to use housing, if they were provided with a total area of ​​living space that exceeded the accounting norm, sold an apartment or house before applying for a certificate, or otherwise intentionally living conditions worsened.

In addition, citizens will not receive subsidies when they terminated their employment relationship with their employer long before leaving the Far North or a military camp or bought housing on their own, and so on.

In turn, young scientists will have to return the money if they terminate their employment contract on their own initiative, and young families will lose the right to receive subsidies due to reaching the age limit established for program participants.

Therefore, formal compliance with the conditions for receiving subsidies does not mean that everyone without exception will be able to receive payments.

Where to complain about refusal to pay a subsidy

A court of general jurisdiction that considers and resolves lawsuits involving citizens to protect their violated or disputed rights, freedoms and legitimate interests.

Legislation on subsidies for the purchase of housing

Oleg Sukhov provided links to regulations in which readers can independently obtain the information they are interested in.

You can read about obtaining a state housing certificate in the Rules for the issuance and sale of state housing certificates as part of the implementation of a set of process measures “Fulfillment of state obligations to provide housing for certain categories of citizens” of the state program of the Russian Federation “Providing affordable and comfortable housing and utilities to citizens of the Russian Federation”, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 21, 2006 No. 153, in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2019 No. 239, as well as in the Letter of the Federal Institution “United Directorate” of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated March 1, 2019 No. AB/01-01-359.

Young families, young scientists, as well as voluntary migrants will be able to find detailed information on the procedure for paying them subsidies when purchasing housing in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 17, 2010 No. 1050 “On the implementation of certain measures of the state program of the Russian Federation “Providing affordable and comfortable housing and utilities” citizens of the Russian Federation.» At the same time, young scientists can additionally familiarize themselves with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated January 26, 2023 No. 90, and displaced persons can familiarize themselves with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 12, 2020 No. 322 and Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated December 7, 2021 No. 997.

The procedure for providing housing for disabled people and families with disabled children can be found in the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”, in the Federal Law of January 12, 1995 No. 5-FZ “On Veterans” «

Payment of maternity capital to improve housing conditions is made in accordance with Federal Law No. 256-FZ dated December 29, 2006 “On additional measures of state support for families with children” and the Rules for allocating funds (part of the funds) of maternity (family) capital to improve housing conditions, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 12, 2007 No. 862, Decree of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated December 21, 2022 No. 56-P.

The procedure for providing subsidies for the purchase of housing to civil servants is enshrined in the Federal Law of July 27, 2004 No. 79-FZ “On the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation.”

Judges, prosecutors and employees of the Investigative Committee are provided with housing in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation of June 26, 1992 No. 3132-1 “On the status of judges in the Russian Federation” (word), Federal Law of October 30, 2018 No. 375-FZ “On amendments to The Law of the Russian Federation “On the Status of Judges in the Russian Federation”, the Federal Law “On the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation” and the invalidation of paragraphs 10 and 11 of the Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation “On some issues related to the application of the Law of the Russian Federation “On status of judges in the Russian Federation”, Federal Law dated January 17, 1992 No. 2202-1 “On the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation”, Federal Law dated December 28, 2010 No. 403-FZ “On the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation”.

The procedure for providing tax deductions for the purchase of housing is established in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation (Article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

source: Russian newspaper

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