Krympress reports:
What is a file server and why it is needed
A file server is a specialized computer or device that provides centralized storage, control and access to files in a local or remote network. It is used in companies, educational institutions, state structures, and even at home, if there is a need to organize access to large volumes of data from different devices.
Key file server tasks:
- centralized data storage;
- backup;
- user access control;
- file exchange inside the local network;
- Data protection from loss and unauthorized access.
File servers are hardware (based on server iron) and software (deployed on conventional PCs, NAS or virtual machines). But if we talk about a serious load, large storage and high reliability, the choice usually falls on full -fledged server solutions.
Why the new server is expensive
New servers from manufacturers such as Dell, HP, Lenovo or Supermicro can cost from 150,000 rubles for the initial configuration to millions of rubles for powerful solutions with several processors, hundreds of gigabytes of RAM and arrays of disks.
Such expenses are justified in large organizations with high requirements for accessibility and failure tolerance. However, for small businesses, private projects, studios, IT laboratories or even freelancers, the price of a new server can be excessive.
An alternative — buying used servers, especially when it comes to a file server with a moderate load.
Docoused servers: what is the essence
Used server is server equipment previously used in other organizations or data centers. Typically, such devices are sold after 3-5 years of operation, when companies update their park equipment, switching to more modern models.
Sometimes such servers are sold after corporate liquidations, upgrade, as well as due to the closure of projects or moving infrastructure to a cloud. This makes it possible to purchase high-quality server equipment for 20-30% of the new price.
Advantages of buying used server
Saving
The most obvious plus is the cost. Former use servers are much cheaper than new models. Moreover, in terms of performance, they often remain relevant for another 3-5 years — https://galtsystems.com/catalog/platform/sersers-bu/.
The reliability of the server «iron»
Servers are originally designed for round -the -clock work in difficult conditions. Their components (maternal boards, PSU, coolers, disk arrays) are designed for a long service life. Even after years, such a server can reliably fulfill its tasks.
Variant configurations
Various models and configurations are available on the secondary market — from compact 1U servers to powerful 4U solutions with several processors. This allows you to choose a server for a specific task: from a simple file storage to a virtualization platform.
The possibility of upgrade
Many used servers are easily modernized — you can add RAM, replace the discs with more capacious or fast, install SSD for cache, etc.
Cons and risks of buying used servers
Lack of warranty
Unlike new devices, used servers are usually sold without an official warranty of the manufacturer. This can be a problem for a breakdown.
Wear of components
Although the servers are designed for a long work, the wear of the components is still present: fans, power supplies, RAID controlles or hard drives may fail.
Outdated interfaces
Old models may not have modern interfaces: USB 3.0, NVME slots, UEFI. This may limit the data exchange rate or make it difficult to install a new OS.
Increased energy consumption and noise
Old servers can consume more electricity and be more noisy, especially at home. This is an important point if the server is installed not in server, but in a regular room.
B/y selection criteria for file server
Before buying a server, it is important to consider a number of technical and organizational parameters.
Manufacturer and model
It is better to choose servers from proven brands. These systems have good documentation, support for drivers and developed secondary infrastructure (spare parts, upgrades).
Form factor
- 1u/2u in the rack (Rackmount) — compact, but noisy, suitable for server rooms.
- Tower (Tower) — they are less noisy, closer to ordinary PCs, suitable for offices or home use.
- Blade — specialized solutions, require an appropriate chassis, less often are found in the used sale.
Processor and RAM
- For a file server, 2-4 cores are enough, for example, Intel Xeon E5-26xx or E3.
- RAM-at least 16-32 GB of ECC, preferably with the possibility of expansion.
- For serious tasks for reserve copying or simultaneous operation of several users, it may take 64 GB and higher.
Disk subsystem
- The presence of a RAID controller, especially with support for RAID 1/5/10, is important for data protection.
- Support for SAS/SATA disks, preferably with the possibility of installing an SSD to accelerate operations.
- It is recommended to use hot disks replacement (Hot-Swap).
Network interfaces
- The presence of at least one gigabit port, and preferably two.
- Support 10GBE (optionally) — for high -speed data transfer between servers or NAS.
Checking the condition
If possible, check:
- the condition of the fans and power supply;
- temperature regime (not overheating);
- Smart status of hard drives;
- work of the RAID controller;
- The general condition of the case, dust, oxidation of contacts.
Preparation of used server for work
Before putting the server into operation:
- Update the BIOS and firmware of the RAID controller;
- Check the integrity of the disks and start the stress test of equipment;
- Install the fresh OS (for example, Windows Server, Ubuntu Server, Truenas);
- Configure backup;
- Organize a monitoring system of temperature and condition of the components;
- Check the work of the RAID and recovery after the failure of one disk (test scenario).
Conclusions: Is it worth buying a used server for storing files?
Buying a used server for file storage is a reasonable step if you strive to save without losing functionality. This is a great choice for small business, IT enthusiasts, educational laboratories and home NAS projects. With a thorough choice, checking the condition and competent setting, such a solution can serve for years and ensure reliable work without unnecessary costs.
However, it is worth considering:
- lack of official guarantee;
- potential wear of equipment;
- The need for basic administration and diagnostic skills.
If you are ready for these nuances, a used server is an excellent alternative d ORO new equipment.
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