CrimeaPRESS reports:
The new academic year will see numerous changes in Russian schools. Several new subjects will appear in the schedule. For example, instead of Life Safety, they will study «Fundamentals of Security and Defense of the Motherland», and instead of «Technology», they will study «Labor (technology).» Also, specialized classes and school clubs will teach how to operate drones. «Parliamentary newspaper» talks about these and other changes in more detail.
Drawing and labor
Labor is returning to Russian schools. This is required by amendments to the law on education, which were adopted last December. They established labor as a compulsory subject.
In pursuit of the updated law, the Ministry of Education prepared a program for the subject. As follows from this document, labor will be taught one hour a week in elementary and high schools and two hours in secondary schools.
The training standard consists of several modules — mandatory and optional, which regions will be able to choose themselves depending on their personnel needs. This could be «Animal Husbandry» or «Crop Production» in agricultural entities, or «Automated Systems» in industrial entities.
The main difference between labor and technology is the expansion of the module related to drawing and the introduction of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, the Ministry of Education explained earlier.
There will also be classes in cooking, cutting and sewing, carpentry, which everyone who studied in a Soviet school remembers well. Teaching various everyday skills is included in separate modules of the program, Deputy Minister of Education Tatyana Vasilyeva explained in the State Duma in February of this year.
For example, the module «Computer graphics. Drawing» involves not only learning how to create graphic images, but also how to put them into practice. The same applies to the module «Technologies of manual processing of materials», including textiles, which may include sewing toys and cutting out the same apron— the official said.
Not just security, but also defense of the Motherland
Another player substitution on the field is «Fundamentals of Homeland Security and Defense» (OBZR) instead of «Fundamentals of Life Safety». They will be taught in grades 5-11. Standards for the basics have also already been developed and adopted.
In secondary schools, they will explain what measures are taken in the country to protect the population in emergency situations or when a military threat arises, how to properly respond to the signal “Attention everyone!” and use protective equipment.
In grades 10–11, theoretical knowledge will be reinforced with practical skills, including tactical, fire, engineering, military medical and technical training.
Before teaching children, teachers themselves sat down at their desks, underwent training and retraining. Before the New Year, the material base of schools also needs to be updated — the necessary equipment and visual materials need to be purchased.
During the holidays, State Duma deputies will check how prepared schools are for both the OBZR and labor, each in their own region, Larisa Tutova, a member of the Education Committee and deputy from Rostov Oblast, told Parlamentskaya Gazeta.
There are different levels of preparation of schools and classrooms. In some places we see a fairly high level of equipment, probably, a lot remains from the previous period, when the subjects of NVP and labor were taught. But there are schools that ask for such a federal target program to be introduced, similar to the «Growth Point» program, when very serious equipment was provided at the expense of the federal budget, and the preparation of classrooms, their interior fell on the shoulders of the local budget. But this is an issue that still needs to be discussed and resolved, — the deputy said.
Golf and Biathlon
Changes have been made to other federal general and secondary education programs. This includes new modules on physical education, indigenous languages, and other subjects. For example, some schools will have modules on golf, biathlon, tug-of-war, figure skating, or roller sports.
Federal work programs on native languages, including Chukchi and Erzya, are also included. It is described in detail what to teach in such classes and what results schoolchildren should achieve.
The federal list of textbooks has also been updated. At the same time, the validity period for most school manuals has been extended, for example, for Russian language and literature, English, German, French, Spanish, as well as mathematics, computer science, physics, chemistry, biology.
This is due to the fact that the Ministry of Education is currently forming a unified educational space, Deputy Chair of the Federation Council Committee on Science, Education and Culture Lyudmila Skakovskaya explained to Parlamentskaya Gazeta:
Unified textbooks for all subjects, which will ensure the quality and unity of the educational space, will be prepared by the end of 2025, and the full transition will take place in the next five years. It is impossible to rush and release textbooks that are not fully ready, so it was decided to extend the validity of existing manuals» said the senator.
Textbooks containing foreign agents among the authors were also excluded from the list.
Training drones
Another innovation at the school is the launch of educational programs on the development, production and operation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). The new subject will be studied in specialized classes and clubs at more than 500 schools, as well as in practical training centers at 30 colleges participating in the pilot project to train personnel for unmanned aviation.
All institutions will be equipped with training drones. Also, schools and colleges will equip training grounds for flights. In addition, by the beginning of this academic year, they plan to train more than 2.5 thousand UAS teachers.
Teachers from the regions participating in the pilot can receive a new specialty. Teachers who already teach «Air Navigation and Operation of Aviation and Rocket-Space Technology» in colleges, or clubs and sections of additional education on UAS in schools can also update their knowledge, the press service of the Ministry of Education told «Parliamentary Newspaper» earlier.
After training, teachers will receive the qualification of “Teacher of additional education in the field of development, production and operation of unmanned aircraft systems.”
The subscriber is temporarily at the board
The changes will also affect teachers. To this end, the law on education has been supplemented with provisions that allow schools to set discipline requirements in classes, and students are required to comply with these standards.
It is very important to ensure equal rights for all participants in the educational process, explained Lyudmila Skakovskaya:
To achieve this goal, a ban on the use of phones in lessons was introduced.
There have been more frequent situations where students filmed and then posted videos online that made the teacher the object of ridicule, the senator explained.
The use of mobile phones in the classroom is now permitted only in emergency situations that threaten the lives or health of students and school staff.
Also previously prin passed a law on debureaucratization of school teachers, which allowed to limit the number of documents that teachers are required to fill out. Later, this summer, the same law was passed for college teachers and kindergarten teachers. The number of documents required for them will be set by the Ministry of Education.
source: «Parliamentary newspaper»
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